SciBlogs

Why do we need a National Broadband Network? John Nixon Jul 31

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A week or so ago I was having a quiet drink with several pilot buddies at the Southport Flying Club on the Gold Coast. One of my very long-term acquaintances (a retired heavy jet-jockey) asked me how my fibre-optics occupations were progressing. “Fine” I said, and tried to talk of some of my recent experiences. I was cut short, as he launched into a tirade against “this bloody useless waste of taxpayers money”. “What’s wrong with your broadband connection now, can’t you download movies fast enough”… etc etc. Whoa! I backed off and joined another group around the bar.

Unfortunately I hear and read this all the time. I do my best to explain that copper has just about had it bandwidth-wise, and wireless won’t get us into the global network future. Only fibre has the almost limitless bandwidth capacity that Australia and New Zealand (in fact the world) will require in coming decades and beyond.

Then I saw an excellent article just written here in New Zealand by my friend Ernie Newman, CEO of TUANZ (Telecom Users Association of New Zealand).
I see and chat with Ernie frequently at meetings and conferences. Recently TUANZ and CFH (Crown Fibre Holdings) have teamed up to organise workshops in the major NZ centers to demonstrate to interested parties the evident advantages of the New Zealand UFB Network. (http://www.tuanz.org.nz/content/134e36d1-264e-4c26-afa7-d7a788b88b96.html)

Ernie’s logic applies equally to Australia’s NBN.

Ernie has allowed me to reproduce his article here which follows. Thanks mate!

Relax, says TUANZ chief executive Ernie Newman. NZ’s broadband policy is solid.
By Ernie Newman
4:00 AM Thursday Jul 29, 2010
newman_ernieNoJacketSUPP_220x147

Brian Fallow can relax – New Zealand’s ultra-fast broadband policy is solid, widely acclaimed internationally, and a critical element in our remaining a first world economy into the 21st century.
Copper wire has been the cornerstone of telecommunications since Bell invented the technology for voice conversations.
Never could he have imagined that 140 years on users would expect the same copper to carry vast amounts of data – emails, videos, scientific content, and radiography images. Engineers have done a wonderful job in stretching its capability for the early years of the internet era.
But copper has done its dash. It can’t cope any longer with the relentless increases in bandwidth new applications demand.
Enter the picture, fibre optic cable with its almost limitless capacity. A fibre bundle the thickness of a broom handle can carry a voice call by everyone on earth simultaneously.

Fibre can ensure the kind of capacity the citizens of 2020 will need and demand to run services in the fields of education, health, energy conservation, and entertainment.
Are these uses here now? Of course not – first we need the connectivity with sufficient critical mass for them to become viable.
That was exactly the dilemma a century ago with the reticulation of electricity. Uptake was initially slow, but mushroomed dramatically during the 1920s as more appliances and uses were invented and commercialised.
Fortunately the leaders of the day had the vision and foresight to take the leap despite not knowing about the microwave, toaster, computer or electric toothbrush. If New Zealanders had waited until every service was available before reticulating electricity, the country would have been held back for decades.
Broadband has similar characteristics. Tomorrow’s families will routinely expect multiple streams of dense content coming into their homes simultaneously. These will include video and other resources from school websites, online medical diagnosis, lifelong education, home security and energy saving systems, and on-demand high-density interactive entertainment.
Businesses will expect productivity-enhancing applications, while government can look forward to major efficiencies in delivery of health and education services.
Such services will encourage more of the brightest and best young New Zealanders to make their lives here rather than migrate.
Fallow quotes liberally from the findings of the Institute for Competition and Regulation. While residing within Victoria University, the institute owes much of its funding and governance to a small cluster of utility companies that are the subject of regulatory controls because of their significant market power.
In 2006 the institute argued stridently against unbundling Telecom’s local loop. Fortunately for New Zealanders its conclusions were rejected by other reputable economists, both overseas and local. Rejected too, by Parliament, which went on to unbundle and thus remove Telecom’s monopoly to the benefit of other telecommunications suppliers and consumers.
That does not mean there is necessarily anything wrong with the institute’s mathematics – just that it fails to run a sanity check across its conclusions. Its work on ultra-fast broadband suffers from a similar weakness.
Economic tools like cost benefit analysis should be used in conjunction with vision and foresight, not as a substitute for them. If cost benefit had been the key determinant, the world might have waited far too long to reticulate electricity, while much exploration and innovation might never have taken place.
As Arthur Grimes has acknowledged in respect of the Motu research referenced in the article, research that is conducted too early for meaningful conclusions to be drawn about the productivity impact should be interpreted with care. Cost benefit analysis is a very blunt instrument where wide ranging strategic projects are involved, he cautioned.
From my observations, New Zealand’s ultra-fast broadband project is recognised globally as world-class. The Government should just get on with the job; future generations will thank it copiously.
* Ernie Newman is chief executive of the Telecommunications Users Association (TUANZ).
By Ernie Newman

FTTH Any News? John Nixon Jul 28

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I’m back to New Zealand now from Australia.

At least things are calm and quiet here, the Gillard versus Abbott debate ramps up over there.

NBN is not the only election issue of course. But it is one of the three or four major issues.

For those interested, I would recommend you read the following reports:

http://www.itwire.com/opinion-and-analysis/beerfiles/40656-coalition-faces-massive-voter-backlash-over-nbn-scrap-plan

http://www.smh.com.au/opinion/politics/coalition-must-get-online-on-broadband-20100726-10rvw.html

Here we await the release of the list of Local Fibre Companies that will partner with Crown Fibre Holdings to start planning the national UFB network.

Somebody mentioned October. Yawn.

I truly prefer the laid-back lifestyle here in New Zealand, but why does everything take so long?

The average workers’ wage differential between Australia and New Zealand just worstened again by another $40 pw. The difference is now colossal.

What has this got to do with Fibre to the Home? Not much, but if we are to install and profit from vastly increased broadband speeds, there has to be an economic structure that keeps good people here, not there!

New Zealand: UFB – Australia: NBN John Nixon Jul 18

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I’ve been at my home in Australia for a few weeks watching the political wrangling into the next Federal election on 21 August 2010.
The National Broadband Network (NBN) is about number four on the list of important political issues.
Tony Abbott has promised to scrap the NBN if the Liberal-Country Party coalition wins power.
I am not normally a Labour supporter, having been my own boss since 1964.
BUT in this case I would vote for Miss Gillard, just to keep the NBN alive!
It is well advanced (far more than our UFB), with homes already connected to fibre in Tasmania, and many other areas to follow soon.
There is a very strong and politically independent company (NBN Co) which has been formed and is functioning well.
To scrap this would be stupid. So I’m hoping that Gillard gets home. I think she will.
New Zealand?
Ho hum, selection of Local Fibre Companies put back now to seek further information. It really is as exciting as watching grass grow.
I read an article tonight from the Kiwi Sunday Star Times which said:
” Stanners said New Zealand is undertaking the largest transformation of any global industry.
“New Zealand is absolutely leading the world into uncharted territory,” he said. “You can’t look at [UK teleco] BT or any other blueprint.”
Rubbish! It’s slow, it’s not transparent, and we don’t know where it’s going.
I am totally supportive of both countries’ National Broadband network projects.
But NZ is, at least for the interested observer, dragging the chain.

Another gratuitous knock at SKY TV John Nixon Jul 05

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The tall poppy syndrome is seemingly alive and well in New Zealand.

I was surprised to read the following headline today:
“Sky’s hold on TV content worries telcos”

The full article can be found at: http://www.nzherald.co.nz/technology/news/article.cfm?c_id=5&objectid=10654879&ref=newsl_morningnewsdirect_J20080513_133717_5781_6889_875540616

The author falls into the trap of deducing that TV must be distributed as IP packets over a fibre network. This is not true and a far better, simpler and cheaper way of distributing TV, including Freeview and SKY is by using Video overlay or a third ITU standard wavelength (1550 nm) on the single fibre to the home.

SKY has tendered for and paid a lot of money for the rights to distribute much of their programming. Their satellite delivery (DTH or direct to home) has brought TV to many remote homes and areas that would otherwise not receive terrestrial TV broadcasts.

Murdoch and Newscorp Ltd do not control SKY TV NZ. They have a minority shareholding in the company which is publicly traded. SKY only turned it’s first profit after 12 or 13 years of operations in New Zealand.

Why would SKY give over the programming that they have invested in to assist Telcos unless there was a clear profit motive for them?

I just returned from Fibre and Communications conferences in Korea and Singapore. Interesting information concerning IPTV was gleaned from some of my European-based contacts there.

For instance Deutsch Telecom built an IPTV master head-end which reportedly cost the princely sum of €3 Bn (yes, three billion Euros!). I’m not saying it would cost that much in New Zealand, but it is a very expensive exercise.

Orange in France employs 300 full-time staff to manage their IPTV head-end.

So between the existing DTH satellite system and Video overlay for FTTH, there is no need to convert SKY’s transmissions to IP, nor Freeview’s for that matter. IPTV is complex and costly to implement and simply hogs the data channel on FTTH.

Inversely video overlay is extremely inexpensive and simple and can potentially offload several Gbps from the fibre data channel.

Close to home, TransACT in Canberra (http://www.transact.com.au/) has just decided to extend their video overlay TV service coupled with their FTTH offerings in that city. I was pleased to be involved in the technical discussions with TransACT.

The UFB last 20 km. John Nixon Jul 05

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I’ve recently had multiple requests from housing estate developers as to what, how, when and where the planned UFB will affect their projects.

Understandably it’s costly and wasteful to install copper phone lines and television distribution systems if the planned fibre can carry the voice, data and video (which it can very easily).

The UFB data released so far from MED and CFH (Crown Fibre Holdings) makes little mention of how subscribers will be connected to the fibre backbone. My emailed enquiries to people who should know remain unanswered.

We have a very interesting Google group around the world linking many people involved with next generation fibre networks and Fibre to the Home. People like Paul Budde and Benoit Felten, (the instigator) regularly exchange information via this group.

Paul set me straight with the following information:

“ The model presented by the government will see it funding core dark fibre infrastructure and the commercial partners funding last-mile connections. Once the backbone is in place the local loop will not, in most cases, constitute a major stumbling block. “

So it will be up to the Local Fibre Companies (once selected) to choose and install the gear to run the last 20km.

As there will probably be quite a number of LFCs chosen, one hopes that there will be some guidelines put into place as to the choice of standards adopted and conscious consideration give to the builders’ and developers’ concerns.

It is quite clear that some clear-language teaching and exchanges will be required between the LFCs and the building industry.

Now that the economic recession and building slump seem to be settling, there will be a new surge in home and apartment building. So let us hope that somebody soon initiates communication between these two groups so as to not waste valuable capital and resources.

The Korean ‘net: not what you’d expect John Nixon Jun 09

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seoul ftth 1More and more, reliable and fast broadband access becomes a must for the traveler.

A week in South Korea, then a week in Japan should have proven a pleasure as we all know that these two countries have the highest densities of fibre broadband delivery in the world.

The Ramada Gangnam Hotel in Seoul provided free broadband access, my only problem getting connected was power adaptors. I travel with three that cover most countries, but somehow Murphy got involved with earthed and earth-less wall sockets, necessitating trips to reception to find a solution.

But once connected surprise! No blazing fast speeds here! As slow as a wet weekend!

And Korea seems to have copied China’s vetting of the net, as several quite innocuous sites were just impossible to access. Anything at all in New Zealand was “hurry up and wait”, and my New Zealand Herald headlines email just wouldn’t let me access the articles via my browser.

I had a couple of hours wait at the Seoul Incheon airport on my way to Tokyo. The business lounge had free WiFi of course, but I had power adaptor problems once more. Once connected, the speed was again very slow. I gave up and went to watch CNN news on a large screen TV. The picture was perfect at first, but as more people came into the lounge and logged online, the picture started to break up, to the point of it becoming unwatchable. (see top pic)

I guessed that the TV signal was delivered as IPTV and as the network ramped up, the available bandwidth just couldn’t cope.

Probably just as well they called my flight then so I left Seoul behind bound for the rising sun.

Any better in Japan? Not really. Two hotels and the airport lounge were all barely better than dialup speeds.

seoul ftth 2So why? Sure, I only experienced internet access in hotels and airports, not as a single subscriber to a fibre connection. No doubt the available bandwidth is split up, shared between numerous users. An office or home connection could be quite a different experience (and I would hope so).

But this just underlines again that fact that your very fat pipe (ie fibre) won’t get you the bandwidth if the switching capacity of the network behind it is not adequate. It’s the huge water main pipe with just a trickle of water emerging.

And the network is not just your local Ethernet hub, it’s the whole chain right back to and through the big cloud. So as new applications come along demanding more and more bandwidth, it will always be a game of “catch-up” as far as the switching infrastructure is concerned. Conclusion: FTTH is great, but it’s not the only factor in latency and throughput.

All of Asia has a huge aerial mess of wires everywhere. Even tidy Japan shocks with the entanglement of power and comms cables. The motto is “don’t look up”…

FTTH Conferences – a brilliant route to synergies John Nixon Jun 03

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john at ftth seoulRecently, I attended the FTTH Council Asia-Pacific 2010 Conference in Seoul, Korea.

This event was held over the last few days in the gigantic COEX Convention Centre in downtown Seoul.

Attendees were naturally a bit on edge over the escalating tensions between North and South following the torpedoing of a South Korean patrol boat and the loss of 46 mariners’ lives.

The conference and trade show for my part were extremely successful. I helped out on the BKtel stand with my friend and colleague Siegbert Mundinger who manages sales at their German headquarters.

I was expecting most attendees to be from Asia, so I was surprised to have so many Australians and New Zealanders call by the booth. On both sides of us were French companies displaying impressive equipment and solutions for trenching and laying/pulling fibre. I finally met up with my long-time email correspondent Benoit Felten, the principal analyst with Yankee Group in France, a really fun guy.

There is no doubt that the networking opportunities of these conferences are priceless. Having so many people together who share a common profession, interest and passion gives rise to excellent synergy.

My presentation on “Satellite TV over Fibre” was well attended and received. There is no doubt that ultra broadband video overlay on the “third wavelength” (1550 nm) is a wonderfully performant complement to IPTV, particularly since we can now add and transport satellite L-band QPSK signals without any modification.

Unloading potentially several Gbps per subscriber from the data link can radically diminish the delivery and backbone load, and thus reduce the CAPEX investment in a given network. The cost of implementing the third wavelength for TV (and digital radio) distribution over FTTH is minimal.

The FTTH Asia-Pacific Council AGM was held yesterday (Friday) and the coming year’s Board of Directors and office-bearers elected.

I was honored to be elected as vice-chair of the Technology and Architecture study group.

There is certainly lots to do in this arena as new FTTH technology and standards leap ahead.

Senate Report: don’t do NBN John Nixon May 20

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Quote: “Considering that the Senate Select Committee on the National Broadband Network is chaired by a Liberal senator, it’s not surprising that its latest report’s first recommendation is that “The government abandon the National Broadband Network project”. But since the government was unlikely to listen to that, it also proceeded to present a list of alternate recommendations.” Unquote

Ther are times that I gnash my teeth and want to have politicians submit to an IQ test before getting elected.
I put a lot of (unpaid) time into providing the Australian Senate select committee, at their invitation, with carefully considered, technically accurate responses to their concerns. Polite thank yous came back, but in the end, it was a political decision, not a technical or commercial one that ruled.
Labour launches the NBN. The Liberals MUST be against. Simply because they are the opposition.
I was born, grew up and was educated in Sydney. So I am still very attached to what goes on over there. And I’ve been a free enterprise person all of my career. But this is ridiculous!
“We don’t need to spend this money”, “Who on earth could use 100 Mbps?”, “Let the commercial world sort it out”, VDSL is coming, that’s all we’ll ever need”.
What a load of hooey!
Canning the NBN project (now well underway) will set Australia back many many years. The National Broadband (fibre) Network is a huge national infrastructure project that is far too big to be done successfully by any private company. Or if that did happen, you just repeat the Telco monopoly over again.
What nobody seems to realise is that the new National fibre network will serve for 50 or 100 years (as the old copper network did). The fibre itself will virtually never need replacing. New electronics at each end will ensure that bandwidth demands are met for many decades to come.
With a hung Senate in Australia, controlled by a few amusing individuals who are very happy to see themselves on TV “saving the taxpayer lots of money”, I’m afraid that democracy shows a rather sad face when it comes to important technical decisions of national importance. Why on earth they solicit hundreds of submissions from individual experts, then take a vote strictly on party line policy… that to my mind is really wasting taxpayers’ money and my own efforts as well (not worth much in comparison).
I have experience, knowledge and time to offer freely to both the Australian and New Zealand fibre projects. But I am totally discouraged when political credos interfere with sensible decision-making.
Again, let’s hope that we do the job in New Zealand without all the political hoopla and grandstanding that is evident in Australia right now.

David Thodey is Telstra Australia’s new boss after the departure of the very abrasive American ex-CEO who took on the Australian Government head to head. When will people learn that (in spite of my comments above) you can’t possibly win a fight against a country’s government.
This is a fascinating comment on David’s new approach to winning back the Australian public opinion. An interesting parallel perhaps with Telecom New Zealand?
http://www.zdnet.com.au/telstra-s-thodey-relishes-role-339303289.htm?omnRef=NULL

Seoul, Singapore anybody? John Nixon May 19

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A quiet moment before setting off to the FTTH Asia-Pacific Council Conference in Seoul, then the CommunicAsia Conference in Singapore.

In Seoul I will be making a presentation titled “Satellite TV over Fibre”, about the recent advances in RF Overlay, transmitting just about any TV broadcast program on the 1550 nm ITU standard wavelength, including analogue, digital and satellite transmissions from 50 Mhz up to 5.4Ghz without any carrier or modulation conversion.

For the conference program, see: http://www.ftthcap-seoul2010.org/eng_welcome.html

I just noticed that Crown Fibre Holdings (New Zealand’s NBN Co) has officially joined the FTTH Council. I do hope they will be joining us in Seoul and that the FTTH Council can assist in any way with the UFB (ultra-fast broadband) project here.

Skills Shortage in Australia and New Zealand

I’ve mentioned before the need for technically trained people to actually install the FTTH networks.
Australia has just quite radically modified its requested migrant skill base to encourage suitably trained people to its shores. See: http://www.zdnet.com.au/skilled-migration-targets-ict-and-nbn-339303233.htm

Australian NBN = Political football

It’s quite amazing to witness the huge debate going on in Australia over the NBN, versus the almost total lack of public debate and critiques over the UFB here in New Zealand.
There is a Federal Election coming up in Australia before the end of the year, and the Aussie Nats (Liberal coalition) have threatened to kill the NBN totally if they gain power. This is dumb and could turn badly against them in light of the recent poll in Australia on the public’s perception of the value of NBN. See: http://www.itwire.com/it-industry-news/development/39183-australians-back-nbn
I grew up in Sydney in the middle of the Great Snowy Mountains Scheme, the biggest infrastructure project ever undertaken in the history of the country. This has been (arguably) a great success, generating hydro power and irrigating massive areas of inland pasture. Only the NBN project exceeds the Snowy Mountains Scheme in cost and (perhaps) audacity.
It IS essential, if Australia (and New Zealand) are to stay up there amongst the successful developed countries. A modern communications network is inevitable, and without a doubt, this has to be a fibre optics-based network.

Free WiFi hither and yon

I was in Melbourne recently with a colleague from Germany, visiting two of Australia’s biggest Telco/communications companies. We made presentations and responded to queries all day, but were TOTALLY UNABLE to either plug in or WiFi capture any of their company internet facilities. They did exist but were totally locked down to staff-only access. Apologies all around, but we had no access all day to our offices and email.
We left there, pretty frustrated and with a late Friday afternoon thirst, headed down to the Casino precinct. The very first bar I entered responded “yes, we have free WiFi, come in and sit down”…
A couple of good Aussie Pinot Grigios later (why can’t they just say Gris like us) we had caught up with our professional and personal correspondence.
When I was last in Europe I caught the fast train (Thalys TGV) from Paris to Aachen. Before boarding I noticed a fibreglass dome on the roof of one of the carriages and thought “that is either satellite TV OR Internet”…
Well it turned out that I had FREE broadband internet access for the three hour trip, plus free food and grog served twice during the trip by very convivial staff.
Now I see that the Sydney Ferry services are offering free WiFi on their runs.
Many people commute by ferry in Sydney. I’m sure they will enjoy this new service.
See: http://www.zdnet.com.au/private-manly-ferry-gets-free-wi-fi-339303218.htm
Let’s hope that the free WiFi access becomes more and more prevalent as we travel away from our home and office installations.

Hope to see you in Seoul or Singapore!

Vodafone and the UFB project? John Nixon May 10

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Vodafone has formed an alliance with Canadian company Axia NetMedia to bid for New Zealand’s planned ultrafast broadband project.
Who would have thought? I was betting on the power companies with their nation-wide coverage of power lines and ducts. Or Telecom New Zealand et al.
But Vodafone?
They are a huge force, so their bid should not be taken lightly.
But I seriously doubt that CFH (Crown Fibre Holdings) will embrace their proposal, as the NZ Govt are trying to keep the network open and independant, away from the corporate giants.
Extracts from the news item:
“If Axia and Vodafone were successful bidders, a new company would be created to build network assets and Vodafone would take a stake in this company. By partnering with Vodafone, Axia would not be able to present itself as a pure play network wholesaler.
Vodafone has also been reported to be talking to Vector, which is expected to bid for the Auckland network, and to other parties.”
Contrary to Australia, the New Zealand UFB project attracts very little press, or political debate.
Let’s hope that things are progressing logically and quietly in the background and that we end up with an excellent end result for the country.